On September 29, 1907 the first vertical flight took place. The helicopter was built by brothers Jacques and Louis Breguet, led by Professor Charles Richet. It rose to a height of half a meter and stayed up in the air for a minute. The flight took place without a pilot and was not controlled. The first controlled helicopter was built in 1922 for the US Army. Professor George Botezat (an immigrant from Russia) was the designer. His loaded helicopter managed to reach an altitude of 5 meters and remained aloft for a few minutes.